So a couple of friends and I are studying Isaiah 41 right now. It's pretty cool. I have some awesome notes. And so I decided to post them because I haven't known what to write in a while...so if it blesses even one of y'all, then it's worth more to me than a long, flowery post. :)
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The chapter (ESV):
Listen to me in silence, O coastlands;
let the peoples renew their strength;
let them approach, then let them speak;
let us together draw near for judgment.
2 Who stirred up one from the east
whom victory meets at every step?
He gives up nations before him,
so that he tramples kings underfoot;
he makes them like dust with his sword,
like driven stubble with his bow.
3 He pursues them and passes on safely,
by paths his feet have not trod.
4 Who has performed and done this,
calling the generations from the beginning?
I, the Lord, the first,
and with the last; I am he.
5 The coastlands have seen and are afraid;
the ends of the earth tremble;
they have drawn near and come.
6 Everyone helps his neighbor
and says to his brother, “Be strong!”
7 The craftsman strengthens the goldsmith,
and he who smooths with the hammer him who strikes the anvil,
saying of the soldering, “It is good”;
and they strengthen it with nails so that it cannot be moved.
8 But you, Israel, my servant,
Jacob, whom I have chosen,
the offspring of Abraham, my friend;
9 you whom I took from the ends of the earth,
and called from its farthest corners,
saying to you, “You are my servant,
I have chosen you and not cast you off”;
10 fear not, for I am with you;
be not dismayed, for I am your God;
I will strengthen you, I will help you,
I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.
11 Behold, all who are incensed against you
shall be put to shame and confounded;
those who strive against you
shall be as nothing and shall perish.
12 You shall seek those who contend with you,
but you shall not find them;
those who war against you
shall be as nothing at all.
13 For I, the Lord your God,
hold your right hand;
it is I who say to you, “Fear not,
I am the one who helps you.”
14 Fear not, you worm Jacob,
you men of Israel!
I am the one who helps you, declares the Lord;
your Redeemer is the Holy One of Israel.
15 Behold, I make of you a threshing sledge,
new, sharp, and having teeth;
you shall thresh the mountains and crush them,
and you shall make the hills like chaff;
16 you shall winnow them, and the wind shall carry them away,
and the tempest shall scatter them.
And you shall rejoice in the Lord;
in the Holy One of Israel you shall glory.
17 When the poor and needy seek water,
and there is none,
and their tongue is parched with thirst,
I the Lord will answer them;
I the God of Israel will not forsake them.
18 I will open rivers on the bare heights,
and fountains in the midst of the valleys.
I will make the wilderness a pool of water,
and the dry land springs of water.
19 I will put in the wilderness the cedar,
the acacia, the myrtle, and the olive.
I will set in the desert the cypress,
the plane and the pine together,
20 that they may see and know,
may consider and understand together,
that the hand of the Lord has done this,
the Holy One of Israel has created it.
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The notes:
-The Israelites were slaves in Babylon when this chapter was written. "The northern kingdom of Israel had been carried into captivity (722 B.C.), and the kingdom of Judah was in the middle of idolatry and evil. The kingdom of Assyria had dominated the Fertile Crescent and posed a major threat to both kingdoms; and the kingdom of Babylon was gaining power and would replace Assyria as the dominant threat. In view of the fast-changing international scene, the people of Israel would be concerned about their lot in life—what would become of the promises of God? How could the chosen people survive, let alone be a theocracy again? And must the remnant of the righteous also suffer with the nation that for all purposes was pagan? (bible.com)"
-The messenger of the message of salvation is the prophet Isaiah.
1:
The glory of God over the coastlands.
- Judge nothing before its time. Do not object against God's proceedings, rather wait in silence, being confident that He will carry you.
- "Coastlands"- Isaiah is using the word, "coastlands," here as shorthand for "ends of the earth." Literally, "coastlands" could mean islands, seas, distant lands, etc. Yahweh is calling to all nations to keep silent before Him.
- "Let us draw near for judgement." Entering into His courtroom.
- "Let the peoples renew their strength." In Isaiah 40:31, it says, "but they who wait for the Lord shall renew their strength..." However, in this text, the call for the people to renew their strength isn't comfort. It's a warning, a test. Those in distant lands who do not know Him and/or have turned from Him are guilty of idolatry. Isaiah is saying here, "y'all renew your own strength. You're obviously not relying on the One true God for it; you're idol worshippers. So you do whatever you need to do to gather up your strength by yourself. You're going to need it if you think you're gonna stand a chance against the One."
-They who wait for the Lord (Isaiah 40) have limitless strength that comes from God. Their strength is renewed as they wait for Him in faith. Their faith has merit because He is true. The idol-worshipping nations attempt to draw their "strength" from false gods. It will prove to be worthless (as the chapter progresses).
- "Let them approach; then let them speak. (emphasis added)" God will allow the idol-worshippers a chance to justify their idolatry. However, they must enter His courtroom in silence because of who He is. Is it silence of shame? Silence out of attention? Silence of reverence? Silence of submission? Silence of dread? It could be any of these; all are cause for them to be silent.
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2-4: God reasoning with the nations.
- "Who stirred up one from the east?" He is questioning the idolaters. I looked into this bit a little further and scholars think that "the one from the east" could be Abraham.
- "I, the Lord, the first, and with the last; I am he." In verse 25 (later on) Cyrus from the north is mentioned (who would later defeat the Babylonians and free the Israelites from captivity). It struck me that God is making the point that He is knowledgeable of the past, present, and future. He reminds them that He raised up Abraham (past), He knows what is happening everywhere all at the same time, including the present (as they are scattered to the ends of the earth and He has called them to court on account of their sins), and He will deliver His people (in the future, through Cyrus).
-God in Heaven directs human events, always moving to the best final resolution and fulfillment. He is sovereign.
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5-7: The reaction of the nations.
"The coastlands have seen and are afraid, the ends of the earth tremble; they have drawn near and come. Everyone helps his neighbor and says to his brother, 'Be strong!' (emphasis added)" They have been brought so low by their encounter with the Almighty that they had to encourage one another to go on and stick with their side.
"The craftsman strengthens the goldsmith, and he who smooths with the hammer him who strikes the anvil, saying of the soldering, “It is good”; and they strengthen it with nails so that it cannot be moved." The nations, instead of letting their fear humble them, instead of turning from their sin and to God, turned from God and made idols out of gold. They saw the proof of His power and glory, and still they rejected Him and made their own god. *sigh* Kinda like I do. All the time.
-...and I find it so ironic. It's kind of funny, almost. To make a good "god", it took a craftsman, a goldsmith, organization, teamwork, labor, attention to the smallest detail because their god might fall if if it wasn't built right. Lol. Oh humanity. Thank the Lord for His grace.
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8-9: God encourages Israel.
- "But you, Israel, my servant (emphasis added)..." The name Israel means, "Governed (led by, reigned over) by God." That's beautiful. Their general, their care-taker, is Jehovah-Shammah- "God who is with us endlessly, everywhere." Even in their oppression. Israel is twice addressed as, "servant". A servant/slave is someone who is without rights/standing, belonging to a great master. The perfect Master, in this case.
- "Jacob, whom I have chosen..." In Genesis 25, the story of Esau and Jacob is dictated. Esau is the oldest and the heir of his father's birthright. Jacob is jealous and buys the birthright from Esau. Jacob decieves father and claims the birthright (with mom's help). Father is distraught. Esau wants to kill Jacob. Jacob runs away. Granted, in the end Jacob returns and Esau forgives him. But the point that God is making in saying this is that Jacob was a conniving, untrustworthy man. God says this to get rid of any thoughts of pride the Israelites may have in being His chosen ones. Yes, they are chosen. By God's initiative. They are special because God made it so.
- "I...have not cast you off..." The Israelites are imprisoned. God is very much aware of their plight and makes the point of saying, "I'm still here. I've still got you. You are still My very own and I have not cast you away." <3
- "My friend." He calls them His friend. This sinful people, whose sin has caused them to be enslaved, Jacob, this man who did this horrible thing, this people who is so very broken and so very dirty and so very needy...is His friend.
Think on that for a second. Keep thinking as I keep going.
Abraham, Israel's father, was a friend of God, therefore, his descendants also were. In comparison, however, we, I, you are God's friend because of Jesus. John 15:14-15 says, "No longer do I call you servants, for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all that I have heard from my Father I have made known to you. You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that your fruit should abide, so that whatever you ask the Father in my name, he may give it to you." The Israelites were God's friend because they inherited it from Abraham. We, as children of God because of Christ's sacrifice on the cross, are friends of God and may come to Him freely. Christ has paid our wage. We are not only God's friends, we are His children, His sons and daughters, His family. Christ is all we need. <3
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10-13: Fear not; God's help is present.
- "Fear not, for I am with you." This is both a command and a promise. Fear/anxiety can be a sin if it causes us to turn from God and not trust Him. It's also comfort. "Don't be afraid; you have no reason to be." We are much more prone to fear and anxiety when we are alone. God tells them not to be afraid because they are not. He is with them. It's going to be okay.
- "Be not dismayed, for I am your God." "Remember me? Remember who I am? Remember all I've done? I remember you, so do not be dismayed. I am the One. I am your God."
- "I will strengthen you, I will help you, I will uphold you with my righteous right hand." He is able to help them because of His glory and strength. Notice, though, He says, "I will help you." Because He loves them. He loves these people in their brokenness. He loves us. He loves us in our selfishness and stupidity and humanness. He loves us. <3
-Guys. He says, "
I will uphold
you." What does verse 7 say? I will tell you. :D Verse 7 says, "and they (the idol-worshippers) strengthen it (the gold idol) with nails so that it cannot be moved." But...what's this? God says, "
I will uphold
you." God needs no help from humanity. He's got us. He's strong enough for Himself and for all of us. I love that so much. That's so comforting. <3
- "Those who strive against you shall be as nothing and shall perish." He is for these people. In Genesis 12:3 God says to Abraham, "I will bless those who bless you, and him who dishonors you I will curse, and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed." Again, the Israelites are God's friends because their father, Abraham was. Therefore, if God says He will curse those who dishonor Abraham, the same is true for the Israelites.
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14-16: Fear not; with God's help, no obstacle is too great.
- "Fear not, you worm Jacob, you men of Israel!" God has just given Israel some incredible encouragement. Here, again, He says Jacob's name. And He calls him a worm. Ouch. He is again reminding Israel of their lowly and deceitful past so that they will not take selfish pride in who they are and the things He is promising to them.
- "I am the one who helps you, declares the Lord; your Redeemer is the Holy One of Israel." The Hebrew for the word, "redeemer," is goel. The meaning is, "next of kin who takes his people's needs upon himself as if they were his own." I'll just let you think on that one. I think it speaks for itself. And I think it's really beautiful.
- "Behold, I make of you a threshing sledge, new, sharp, and having teeth; you shall thresh the mountains and crush them, and you shall make the hills like chaff; you shall winnow them, and the wind shall carry them away, and the tempest shall scatter them." Nothing stands in these people's way when their God is helping them. He just called Jacob a worm. And yet, He is so for these people that He says He will take a worm and make it something that is powerful, new, and sharp with teeth. He tells them they will thresh the mountains and make the hills like chaff.
This is a threshing sledge:

Looks like a cheese grater. It was used to sift and sort grain. God tells the Israelites that the mountains will crumble because they will disintegrate them. Grate them like cheese. :D
This is chaff:
Have you ever held oats in your hand? These are sort of similar in size and texture. And they're...really small. The hills would be reduced to these cute little things. Have you ever been to the country and seen vast, giant, rolling hills? Now picture them reduced to this. Yeah. I know.
- "And you shall rejoice in the Lord; in the Holy One of Israel you shall glory." Israel, rejoice in Him. You are overcoming great obstacles with His help. My friend Julia said to me once, "Your glory is that you suck, but God is awesome." A-freaking-men.
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17-20:
Fear not; God has abundant resources; He will provide.
- "When the poor and needy seek water,
- and there is none,
- and their tongue is parched with thirst,
- I the Lord will answer them;
- I the God of Israel will not forsake them.
- I will open rivers on the bare heights,
- and fountains in the midst of the valleys.
- I will make the wilderness a pool of water,
- and the dry land springs of water.
- I will put in the wilderness the cedar,
- the acacia, the myrtle, and the olive.
- I will set in the desert the cypress,
- the plane and the pine together." These people are enslaved. I would imagine they don't have the greatest living conditions. They're being oppressed. Physically, they're probably filthy and exhausted and hungry and parched and hot and just all-around uncomfortable. In response to the cry of the poor and needy, God says that He will go so far as to open rivers in bare places, fountains in the middle of valleys, pools of water in the wilderness, springs in the desert. He says He will put tall, wide trees in the desert. He will give His people water and shade. Shelter. Rest. Relief. He will be their Remedy.
- "That they may see and know, may consider and understand together, that the hand of the Lord has done this, the Holy One of Israel has created it." These things He is promising He will do for them are impossible by human standards. Therefore, they cannot take the credit for these miracles. God gets all the glory.
Guys...guys,
think about that. Think about the insane amount of
love the Lord has for His own...
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"We are His portion and He is our prize
drawn to redemption by the grace in His eyes;
if His grace is an ocean
we're all sinking..." <3